Radiator



T. E. MURRAY. JR., ET AL 1,706,982

March 26, 1929.

RADIATOR Filed March 23, 1927 INVENTORj 2/001 155 [WUfi/fAl Jfi fl? w/va 7T .BEN/VETT 1 Q U Q MTTORNEY Sid Patented Mar. 26, 1929,

v UNITED STATES THOMAS E. MURRAY, JR., AND IRVING .T. BENNETT, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK; SAID BENNETT ASSIGNOR TO THOMAS E. MURRAY,

PATENT OFFICE OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

RADIATOR.

. Application filed March 23, 1927. SerialNo. 177,536.

' In certain previous applications of THOMAS E. MURRAY,Jr., and others, there is described a type of radiators in which the heating element is provided with a radiating structure of extended area forming lines which induce a rapid circulation of the heated air, so that a high efliciency is attained. The present in-' bodiments 01: the invention.

Fig. l is a side elevation of the parts of a radiator; Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line 2-2 oi. Fig. 3; a

Fig. 3 is a plan; Figs. 4: and 5 are perspective views of parts of the radiating structure; Fig. 6 is a plan showing an intermediate step in the assembly of the parts; Fig. 7 is a section on the line 7-3 of Fig. 6. The radiator illustrated is made up of three units separately manufactured and united as shown in Fig. 1. Each unit comprises a water or steam pipe 1 (or other high temperature heating element such as an electric heater of principal the rod or strip type) extending horizontally,

to which is united a radiating structure. A single such unit may tormthe'complete radiator. Ur a plurality of such units may be combined as by connecting the pipes l by short pipes 2 at their ends, with the units spaced apart and held in proper relative position'by plates 3, with spaces between the several units to admit air.

Gorrugated sheetsare applied to the pipe 1, such sheets comprising inner and outer longitudinal plates 4 and 5 connected by transverse plates 6. The inner portions 4: of the corrugated plates are bent outward at the centre to form'recesses 7 (Fig. 4) fitting the pipe 1 over an. extended surface so as to secure a good transmission of heat. The corrugated sheets are closely united to the pipe till as, for example, by soldering to the pipe or by riveting the opposite plates 4 immediately above and below the pipe as described in said previous applications. The portions 5 and 6 of the corrugated sheets torm closed flues which induce a rapid circulation.

"We have found that the eiliciency of such radiators can be substantially increased by dividing the space within the plates 5 and 6 into smaller channels by adding plates or fins 8 and 9 lying in transverse vertical planes and united to the heating element so as to increase the heated radiating surface within; such flues. Thefins may be of various num-' bers and sizes. In tests which we have made, three such fins spaced a quarter of an inch apart and arranged in flues of the proportionate dimensions illustrated have given approximately the maximum efiiciency which can be secured by this means.. In the test in question the central plates 9 of each group were two and a half inches square, the over-all width of the radiator being three inches so as to leave slight spaces beyond the edges of the plates 8 and 9, and the longitudinal dis- I tance between centers of adjacent flues beingone anda half inches.

The efficiency of'radiators of this type is much increased by the use of copper (or similar cuprous metal) for the radiating structure, and for the pipe also where steam is the heating medium. Copper is very expensive compared with cast iron or steel. l/Ve have found, however, that with this improved construction metal of extreme thinness can be ,used, particularly for the fins which are enclosed and protected by the flue walls. In the example given, the flues are three inches in height and the fins two and a halt inches. "With this construction, it is possible to make the entire radiator of copper with .a weight which is one-fifteenth (or less) of the weight of the ordinary cast iron type of radiator tor the same duty. The same principle may be applied to radiators of other designs in which there are flues tor inducing rapid circulation of air.

Tn the. manufacture of the radiator the I pipe. The fins have flanges 10 (Fig. 7) which lit the pipe closely and are united thereto by solder 11 which fastens the edges of the flanges and runs under the flanges it they do not fit closely, or they may be held in place mechanically so as to obtain good heat transfer. When the parts are soldered as in Fig. 7, the whole is then dipped in a bath of tin, after which the corrugated sheets are applied. Or the complete unit, including the corrugated sheets, may be thus tinned. The tin coating is indicated by dotted lines 12. This improves the union of the parts and the heat transmission from the pipe to the radiating structure.

Ill]

The'radiator may be equally used for cooling air by circulating cold brine or the like through the pipes so that the latter become a heating element only in the negative sense, that is, they extract heat from the radiating structure and induce a flow of the cool air downward through .the fines similar to the upward circulation of air induced by the passage of steam through the pipes.

Various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departure from the invention as defined in the following claims.

What We claim is 1. A radiator including in combination a heating element and an extended arearadiating structure united thereto forming fines closed at the outside for inducing a rapid draft of air and fins located within said flues so as to divide the spaces therein into smaller channels, the fines being formed by a corrugated plate united at the inner portions of the corrugationsto the heating element.

2. A radiator including in combination a heating element, a corrugated sheet united at the inner portions of the corrugations to the heating element and forming flues closed at the outside for inducing a rapid draft of air and fins united to the heating element and located within said fines to divide the spaces therein into smaller channels.

3. A radiator including in combination a longitudinally extendingheating element, an extended area radiating structure united directly to said heating element so as to carry off the heat thereof and forming vertical flues closed at the outside for inducing a rapid draft of air and transverse fins also united directly to said heating element and located within said flues so as to divide the spaces therein into smaller channels.

4. A radiator including in combination a longitudinally extending heating element, an extended area radiating structure united to said heating element so as to carry off the heat thereof and forming vertical flues closed at the outside for inducing a rapid draft of air and transverse fins located between the transverse walls of such flues so as to divide the spaces between such walls into smaller channels and increase the air-heating area.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto signed our names.

THOMAS E. MURRAY, JR. IRVING T. BENNETT. 

